Organisms Physiology Essay

Organism Physiology is the method in which many diverse living organisms are considered to reserve transgressed from earlier forms during the history of the existence that prat be defined as Evolution. Several organisms have evolved as a result of environmental changes within their habitats. Example is a diagram of a titan and details about how the whale has evolved physiologically and has become commensurate to fit the environment. Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Cordata, Class Mammalia, Order Cetacea, Sub-order Odontoceti, Family Delphinidae, Genus Orcinus, Species Orca. Whales occupy all oceans and major seas, steady some are in larger river systems. They are genuinely large animals. They can grow up to 100 ft. or more in length. They can weigh up to 200 tons or more. Whales live in families called pods. These pods vary in numbers and consist of family members and family friends.Whales live in these families their whole life. separate living is safer when another(prenominal) w hales or sharks attack. It also makes it easier to find food. Whales are always migrating. They travel to find food, breed and have young. Whales do not have eyelids. They confide on thick oily tears to protect their eyes. Whales hear from little holes behind their eyes. They talk to each other by making high toss sounds same whistles, clicks, squeaks, rattles, and groans. Whales inhabit all oceans and the seven seas some also inhabit larger river systems. They are extremely social organism and use communication for the bunk of hunting, defense, and reproduction. In general a dolphins live pods of up to a dozen individuals. Dolphin pods can emerge temporally forming a super pod the emergent pods may exceed thousands of dolphins. Attachments in pods are not set interchange is regular. On the other hand, whales can generate great social bonds they will extend with wounded or individuals in poor health, even assisting other whales to breathe by bringing them to the surface if req uired. Whales arewidely classed as predators, but their food ranges from microscopic plankton to very large fish.Males are called bulls females, cows. The young are called calves. Because of their environment, whales are conscious breathers they decide when to breathe. All mammals sleep, including whales, but they cannot afford to fall into an unconscious state for too long, since they deficiency to be conscious in order to breathe. Whales also communicate with each other using lyrical sounds. Being so large and powerful these sounds are also extremely loud depending on the species. The most dangerous predator for the whale is mankind and climate change. Man slaughters whales for their meat, fat, and for being in the same locating where they fish. There studies at this time being done to evaluate the influence of pollution in the water and the effects on whales. Whales are threatened by climate change and global warming. As the Antartic Ocean warms, krill populations, that are the main food source of some species of whales, reduce dramatically, being replaced by jelly like salps. . Whales give birth to live young, and the mother nurses the calf with her milk and provides care. The calf is nursed by the mother for one and one half years to terzetto years and a mother will stay with her young three to eight years. Whales are persuasion to live about 40-80years. Whales vary basis of their ecosystem and what is inevitable for them to survive in their ecosystem (Getten, 2006). All whales, dolphins, and porpoises species are related.Fossil data has been discovered from the early Eocene epoch that point toward information that whales were already aquatic 45-50million years ago. It is thought that animals that spent a great amount of time hunting for food around water areas and went through a period in an amphibious make up before becoming adapted to live in the water and the animal became dedicated to the water. Records show that by in their teeth it took milli ons of years for true cetaceans to develop (Brakes, Simmonds 2011). The whale has adapted to the environment in many ways from the once amphibious animal it is thought to have evolved from. Fossil evidence reveals that after prehistoric whales decided to be aquatic, it did not take long for bones of the hind limbs to disappear. The see limbs evolved into flippers and the powerful tail is their most important forward motion mechanism. Anatomically, dolphins bodies have adapted to become more efficient to move in the water. Whales, like dolphins are marine mammals and like all mammals they require oxygen tosurvive. Unlike other sea creatures such as fish, a whale would suffocate in water if it did not have a blowhole for oxygen. The blowhole is situated on or near the top of their head and acts as an airway passage for breathing. Whales cannot breathe through their mouth because the esophagus (food passage) and trachea (oxygen passage) are completely disconnected from each other. Al though whales must breathe oxygen they can spend up to 90% of their lives underwater. The eyes of a whale are relatively small when compared to the hiatus of its dead body. Their eyes are well adapted to aquatic life and secrete oil used to lubricate and protect their eyes from debris and other chemicals in the ocean.They are not capable of secreting tears as military personnel do, but their cries can be heard vocally from many miles away. They have a condensed body with a somehow a tapered head that caused the vertebrae neck to fuse together. Instead of a main blood supply to the brain on the out(prenominal) of the neck, the whale blood flows through an artery in the vertebrae that supply a continuous supply of blood, which is most vital when diving into the depths of the ocean. The shin of a whale is extremely smooth, hairless, dense, and not do have glands. Their skin is kept smooth by continuously sloughing off and being restored. On average their skin is restored at a speed nine times faster than a human. Whales have a tendency to depend on their sense of hearing to survive. other(a) senses have had to adapt for survival in the blackness of the oceans deepness.The structure of the whales melon (the fatty tissue in front of the blow whole) functions as a lens to direct sound when the dolphin generates high pitched clicks for echo sounding. When the sound echoes back the small bone under the chin, called trephine bone, receives the sonic report and stimulates the brain by means of the inner ear. By means of echolocation, whales can estimate distance by measuring the time in the midst of releasing the clicks and the return of echoes. Through this incredible ability, whales can consider the size, shape, direction of movement, and distance of objects in the ocean water (Getten, 2006). In conclusion dolphins have adapted agreeably to survive in the depths of the ocean, seven seas and in large rivers systems. They have evolved in structure and ability to reproduce successfully and flourish. Having the intriguing ability of echolocation provides whales considerable advantage while feeding in the environment in which they live. They are extremely energetic, gentle, and intelligent. The only main threatsto whales are humans through various ways and climate change. If whales are left alone in their ecosystems their species would be able to survive successfully.References Brakes, P., & Simmonds, M. P. (2011). Whales and dolphins Cognition, culture, conservation and human perceptions. London, UK Earthscan. Getten, M. J. (2006). Communicating with orcas The whales perspective. Charlottesville, VA Hampton roads Pub. Co. Whales and Dolphins Website Whales. (2011, March 11). Retrieved December 7, 2013, from http//dolphins-and-whales.zoomshare.com/11.html